Xa uthelekisa isinyithi esithambileyo kunye nentsimbi ye-ductile, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ngelixa zombini iindidi zentsimbi, zineempawu ezahlukileyo kwaye zifanele izicelo ezahlukeneyo. Nalu uthelekiso oluneenkcukacha:
1. Ukubunjwa kwezinto kunye neSakhiwo
Intsimbi yokuphosa eMalleable:
Ukuqulunqwa:Intsimbi ethambileyo etyhidiweyoyenziwe ngokuphatha ukushisa kwentsimbi emhlophe, equlethe i-carbon ngendlela ye-iron carbide (Fe3C). Unyango lobushushu, olwaziwa ngokuba yi-annealing, luphula i-iron carbide, ivumela i-carbon ukuba yenze i-graphite kwifom ye-nodular okanye i-rosette.
Ulwakhiwo: Inkqubo ye-annealing itshintsha i-microstructure ye-iron, ekhokelela kwiincinci ezincinci, ezingaqhelekanga zegraphite. Esi sakhiwo sibonelela ngezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokuqina kunye nokuqina, okwenza kube ngaphantsi kwe-brittle kunentsimbi yesiko.
Intsimbi yentsimbi:
Ukubunjwa: Intsimbi ye-Ductile, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-nodular okanye i-spheroidal graphite iron, iveliswa ngokudibanisa izinto ezidibanisayo ezifana ne-magnesium okanye i-cerium kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ngaphambi kokuphosa. Ezi zinto zibangela ukuba ikhabhoni yenze njengamaqhuqhuva egraphite angqukuva (angqukuva).
Ulwakhiwo: Ulwakhiwo olungqukuva lwegraphite kwintsimbi enyibilikayo yongeza ukudubeka kwayo kunye nokuxhathisa impembelelo, ikunika iimpawu zoomatshini eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi enyibilikayo.
2. IiPropati zoomatshini
Intsimbi yokuphosa eMalleable:
Amandla e-Tensile: Intsimbi etyhidiweyo ethambileyo inamandla aphakathi, ukusuka kwi-350 ukuya kwi-450 MPa (megapascals).
I-Ductility: Ine-ductility enengqiqo, eyivumela ukuba igobe okanye iguqulwe phantsi koxinzelelo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Oku kuyenza ilungele izicelo apho kufuneka ubhetyebhetye.
Ukumelana neMpembelelo: Ngelixa yomelele kunentsimbi yentsimbi yemveli, intsimbi ekhatywayo ethambileyo ayinyangeki kangako xa ithelekiswa nentsimbi yentsimbi.
Intsimbi yentsimbi:
Amandla e-Tensile: I-iron ye-Ductile inamandla aphezulu okuqina, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukusuka kwi-400 ukuya kwi-800 MPa, kuxhomekeke kwibakala kunye nonyango lobushushu.
I-Ductility: I-ductile ephezulu, kunye neepesenti zobude phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-20%, oku kuthetha ukuba inokwelula kakhulu ngaphambi kokuphuka.
Ukuchasana neMpembelelo: Intsimbi ye-Ductile iyaziwa ngokuxhathisa kwayo okugqwesileyo, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo eziphantsi kokulayisha okuguquguqukayo okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu.
3. Izicelo
Intsimbi yokuphosa eMalleable:
Usetyenziso oluQhelekileyo: Intsimbi ekhatywayo eMalleable isoloko isetyenziswa kwizinto ezincinci, ezintsonkothileyo ezifana nokufakwa kwemibhobho, izibiyeli, kunye nehardware apho kufuneka amandla aphakathi kunye nokuguquguquka okuthile.
Ubume bendawo eqhelekileyo: Iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwimibhobho yamanzi, imibhobho yerhasi, kunye nokukhanya kwimizi-mveliso. Ubuchule bezinto zokufunxa ukothuka kunye nokungcangcazela kwenza ukuba ilungele ukufakelwa okubandakanya iintshukumo zoomatshini okanye ukwandiswa kwe-thermal.
Intsimbi yentsimbi:
Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo: Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu kunye nokuqina, i-iron ductile isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezinkulu nezifuna kakhulu ezifana nezixhobo zemoto (umzekelo, ii-crankshafts, iigiya), iinkqubo zemibhobho enzima, kunye neengxenye zesakhiwo ekwakhiweni.
Ubume bendalo obuqhelekileyo: Intsimbi yentsimbi ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwimibhobho yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, amanzi kunye neenkqubo zogutyulo, kunye neemeko apho amacandelo aphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu lomatshini okanye ukunxiba.
Ukuqukumbela
Intsimbi ethambileyo kunye nentsimbi edityanisiweyo ayifani. Ziyintlobo ezihlukeneyo zentsimbi ekhatywayo eneempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Intsimbi enyibilikayo ifanelekile kwizicelo ezingabizi kakhulu apho iindleko-ukusebenza kunye neempawu zoomatshini eziphakathi zanele.
Ngokwahlukileyo, i-iron ductile ikhethwa kwiindawo ezinzima ngakumbi apho amandla aphezulu, i-ductility, kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo kuyadingeka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-24-2024